Configuring a NAT/Route mode active-passive cluster of two FortiGate units - CLI
Use the following procedures to configure two FortiGate units for NAT/Route HA operation using the FortiGate CLI. These procedures assume you are starting with two FortiGate units with factory default settings.
To configure the first FortiGate unit (host name FGT_ha_1)
1. Power on the FortiGate unit.
2. Connect a null modem cable to the communications port of the management computer and to the FortiGate Console port.
3. Start HyperTerminal (or any terminal emulation program), enter a name for the connection, and select OK.
4. Configure HyperTerminal to connect directly to the communications port on the computer to which you have connected the null modem cable and select OK.
5. Select the following port settings and select OK.
Bits per second | 9600 |
Data bits | 8 |
Parity | None |
Stop bits | 1 |
Flow control | None |
6. Press Enter to connect to the FortiGate CLI.
The FortiGate unit CLI login prompt appears.
If the prompt does not appear, press Enter. If it still does not appear, power off your FortiGate unit and power it back on. If you are connected, at this stage you will see startup messages that will confirm you are connected. The login prompt will appear after the startup has completed.
7. Type admin and press Enter twice.
8. Change the host name for this FortiGate unit.
config system global
set hostname FGT_ha_1
end
9. Configure HA settings.
config system ha
set mode a-p
set group-name example1.com
set password HA_pass_1
end
The FortiGate unit negotiates to establish an HA cluster. You may temporarily lose network connectivity with the FortiGate unit as the HA cluster negotiates and the FGCP changes the MAC address of the FortiGate unit interfaces (see
“Cluster virtual MAC addresses”). The MAC addresses of the FortiGate interfaces change to the following virtual MAC addresses:
• port1 interface virtual MAC: 00-09-0f-09-00-00
• port2 interface virtual MAC: 00-09-0f-09-00-01
• port3 interface virtual MAC: 00-09-0f-09-00-02
• port4 interface virtual MAC: 00-09-0f-09-00-03
To reconnect sooner, you can update the ARP table of your management PC by deleting the ARP table entry for the FortiGate unit (or just deleting all arp table entries). You may be able to delete the arp table of your management PC from a command prompt using a command similar to arp -d.
To confirm these MAC address changes, you can use the get hardware nic (or diagnose hardware deviceinfo nic) CLI command to view the virtual MAC address of any FortiGate unit interface. For example, use the following command to view the port1 interface virtual MAC address (MAC) and the port1 permanent MAC address (Permanent_HWaddr):
get hardware nic port1
.
.
.
Current_HAaddr 00:09:0f:09:00:00
Permanent_HWaddr 02:09:0f:78:18:c9
.
.
.
10. Display the HA configuration (optional).
get system ha
group-id : 0
group-name : example1.com
mode : a-p
password : *
hbdev : "port3" 50 "port4" 50
session-sync-dev :
route-ttl : 10
route-wait : 0
route-hold : 10
sync-config : enable
encryption : disable
authentication : disable
hb-interval : 2
hb-lost-threshold : 20
helo-holddown : 20
arps : 5
arps-interval : 8
session-pickup : disable
update-all-session-timer: disable
session-sync-daemon-number: 1
link-failed-signal : disable
uninterruptible-upgrade: enable
ha-mgmt-status : disable
ha-eth-type : 8890
hc-eth-type : 8891
l2ep-eth-type : 8893
ha-uptime-diff-margin: 300
vcluster2 : disable
vcluster-id : 1
override : disable
priority : 128
slave-switch-standby: disable
minimum-worker-threshold: 1
monitor :
pingserver-monitor-interface:
pingserver-failover-threshold: 0
pingserver-slave-force-reset: enable
pingserver-flip-timeout: 60
vdom : "root"
11. Power off the FortiGate unit.
To configure the second FortiGate unit (host name FGT_ha_2)
1. Power on the FortiGate unit.
2. Connect a null modem cable to the communications port of the management computer and to the FortiGate Console port.
3. Start HyperTerminal, enter a name for the connection, and select OK.
4. Configure HyperTerminal to connect directly to the communications port on the computer to which you have connected the null modem cable and select OK.
5. Select the following port settings and select OK.
Bits per second | 9600 |
Data bits | 8 |
Parity | None |
Stop bits | 1 |
Flow control | None |
6. Press Enter to connect to the FortiGate CLI.
The FortiGate unit CLI login prompt appears.
7. Type admin and press Enter twice.
8. Change the host name for this FortiGate unit.
config system global
set hostname FGT_ha_2
end
9. Configure HA settings.
config system ha
set mode a-p
set group-name example1.com
set password HA_pass_1
end
The FortiGate unit negotiates to establish an HA cluster. You may temporarily lose network connectivity with the FortiGate unit as the HA cluster negotiates and because the FGCP changes the MAC address of the FortiGate unit interfaces.
To reconnect sooner, you can update the ARP table of your management PC by deleting the ARP table entry for the FortiGate unit (or just deleting all arp table entries). You may be able to delete the arp table of your management PC from a command prompt using a command similar to arp -d.
10. Display the HA configuration (optional).
get system ha
group-id : 0
group-name : example1.com
mode : a-p
password : *
hbdev : "port3" 50 "port4" 50
session-sync-dev :
route-ttl : 10
route-wait : 0
route-hold : 10
sync-config : enable
encryption : disable
authentication : disable
hb-interval : 2
hb-lost-threshold : 20
helo-holddown : 20
arps : 5
arps-interval : 8
session-pickup : disable
update-all-session-timer: disable
session-sync-daemon-number: 1
link-failed-signal : disable
uninterruptible-upgrade: enable
ha-mgmt-status : disable
ha-eth-type : 8890
hc-eth-type : 8891
l2ep-eth-type : 8893
ha-uptime-diff-margin: 300
vcluster2 : disable
vcluster-id : 1
override : disable
priority : 128
slave-switch-standby: disable
minimum-worker-threshold: 1
monitor :
pingserver-monitor-interface:
pingserver-failover-threshold: 0
pingserver-slave-force-reset: enable
pingserver-flip-timeout: 60
vdom : "root"
11. Power off the FortiGate unit.
To connect the cluster to the network
1. Connect the port1 interfaces of FGT_ha_1 and FGT_ha_2 to a switch connected to the Internet.
2. Connect the port2 interfaces of FGT_ha_1 and FGT_ha_2 to a switch connected to the internal network.
3. Connect the port3 interfaces of FGT_ha_1 and FGT_ha_2 together. You can use a crossover Ethernet cable or regular Ethernet cables and a switch.
4. Connect the port4 interfaces of the cluster units together. You can use a crossover Ethernet cable or regular Ethernet cables and a switch.
5. Power on the cluster units.
The units start and negotiate to choose the primary unit and the subordinate unit. This negotiation occurs with no user intervention and normally takes less than a minute.
When negotiation is complete the cluster is ready to be configured for your network.
To view cluster status
Use the following steps to view cluster status from the CLI.
1. Determine which cluster unit is the primary unit.
• Use the null-modem cable and serial connection to re-connect to the CLI of one of the cluster units.
• Enter the command get system status.
• If the command output includes
Current HA mode: a-p, master, the cluster units are operating as a cluster and you have connected to the primary unit. Continue with Step
2.
• If the command output includes
Current HA mode: a-p, backup, you have connected to a subordinate unit. Connect the null-modem cable to the other cluster unit, which should be the primary unit and continue with Step
2.
| If the command output includes Current HA mode: standalone, the cluster unit is not operating in HA mode and you should review your HA configuration. |
2. Enter the following command to confirm the HA configuration of the cluster:
get system ha status
Model: XXXXX
Mode: a-p
Group: 0
Debug: 0
ses_pickup: disable
Master:128 FGT_ha_2 FG600B3908600825 0
Slave :128 FGT_ha_1 FG600B3908600705 1
number of vcluster: 1
vcluster 1: work 169.254.0.1
Master:0 FG600B3908600825
Slave :1 FG600B3908600705
The command output shows both cluster units, their host names, their roles in the cluster, and their priorities. You can use this command to confirm that the cluster is operating normally. For example, if the command shows only one cluster unit then the other unit has left the cluster for some reason.
To troubleshoot the cluster configuration
If the cluster members list and the dashboard do not display information for both cluster units the FortiGate units are not functioning as a cluster. See
“Troubleshooting HA clusters” to troubleshoot the cluster.
To add basic configuration settings to the cluster
Use the following steps to add some basic settings to the cluster so that it can connect to the network.
1. Log into the primary unit CLI.
2. Add a password for the admin administrative account.
config system admin
edit admin
set password <password_str>
end
3. Configure the port1 and port2 interfaces.
config system interface
edit port1
set ip 172.20.120.141/24
next
edit port2
set ip 10.11.101.100/24
end
4. Add a default route.
config router static
edit 1
set dst 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
set gateway 172.20.120.2
set device port1
end