Chapter 15 Unified Threat Management for FortiOS 5.0 : Intrusion protection : IPS concepts : Signature-based defense : Protocol decoders
  
Protocol decoders
Before examining network traffic for attacks, the IPS engine uses protocol decoders to identify each protocol appearing in the traffic. Attacks are protocol-specific, so your FortiGate unit conserves resources by looking for attacks only in the protocols used to transmit them. For example, the FortiGate unit will only examine HTTP traffic for the presence of a signature describing an HTTP attack.