Chapter 15 Unified Threat Management for FortiOS 5.0 : Intrusion protection : IPS concepts : Signature-based defense
  
Signature-based defense
Signature-based defense is used against known attacks or vulnerability exploits. These often involve an attacker attempting to gain access to your network. The attacker must communicate with the host in an attempt to gain access and this communication will include particular commands or sequences of commands and variables. The IPS signatures include these command sequences, allowing the FortiGate unit to detect and stop the attack.